K.P.S.Menon Lecture by K.P.Fabian

"The Principle of Sovereignty under challenge” Says Ambassador Fabian

 

The concept of sovereignty is a widely contested theme in the conduct of diplomacy and international relations, as challenging as it were in the social science discourse, according to Ambassador K. P. Fabian, Diplomat-in-Residence, K.P.S Menon Chair for Diplomatic Studies, School of International Relations and Politics (SIRP), Mahatma Gandhi University. He was delivering the K.P.S. Menon Lecture on “Sovereignty: A Critical Examination” at the SIRP today. Mr. Fabian said that the contradiction and complexities of engaging ‘sovereignty’ were nowhere evident than in the very operation of the United Nations (UN). The UN has been founded on the principle of the sovereign equality of all its members, but a close reading of the many of the provisions of the UN Charter shows that “this assertion is not to be taken seriously.” He said that if the “principle of sovereign equality is to be taken seriously, the Security Council members should be chosen through voting by member states.” It is possible “to factor into the rules for election geographical balance and other relevant factors.” But it will be “irresponsibly idealistic and pathetically naïve to expect endorsement of any such proposal from the current Permanent Members of the Security Council. Without their endorsement no amendment to the Charter can be possible.” He concluded that the UN Charter “has patently inconsistent provisions as far as sovereignty is concerned.” However, he pointed out that the UN Charter is not the first international treaty to fail to comply with the principle of sovereign equality. The Vienna Congress of 1815, to decide on the political arrangements in Europe after Napoleon’s defeat, attended by almost all the states in the continent, never met in plenary. All work was done in committees, he pointed out. Prof. K.M.Seethi, Dean of Social Sciences and Coordinator K.P. S. Menon Chair welcomed. Prof A.M. Thomas, Prof. Mathew Kurian, M.V.Bijulal, Ms. Parvathy, Mr. Navas, Dr. Santhosh and others spoke. 

Ambassador Fabian Speaks on India-China War 1962

“India was Wrong in Signing Panchasheel with China,” Says Ambassador Fabian

“India-China war occurred in 1962 primarily because Mao wanted to “teach Nehru a lesson,” says Ambassador K. P. Fabian, former diplomat and foreign policy analyst. Mr. Fabian who has been nominated to the K.P.S. Menon Chair for Diplomatic Studies, School of International Relations and Politics (SIRP), Mahatma Gandhi University, was delivering the Inaugural Lecture 2012 on “The 1962 War Between India and China” at the SIRP today. Mr. Fabian said that Mao sought to initiate  a war because he believed that Nehru was behind the 1959 anti-China uprising in Tibet and that therefore in order to secure Tibet for China, Nehru and India should be made to understand the might and determination of China to hold on to Tibet. But the fact of the matter was that Nehru had nothing to do with the 1959 revolt, pointed out by Mr Fabian.

Ambassador Fabian observed that it was wrong “to have signed the Panchsheel with Mao who believed that power came from the barrel of the gun.” He further argued that “India facilitated China’s invasion and occupation in two ways. India prevented a discussion of the matter at UN when El Salvador raised it. India argued that there was no need for any discussion as China had ‘assured’ India of its peaceful intentions.”  Moreover, “India helped China use the Calcutta port for sending supplies to Tibet as China had no convenient land access to Tibet till it completed stealthily the Aksain Chin Road while India slept.”

Ambassador Fabian said that India signed a trade and transit agreement on Tibet charitably giving away all its rights there in return for China’s agreeing to sign on the Panchsheel.  He said that that Indian foreign policy “attached more importance to the text rather than to the context.” After the war, V K Krishna Menon who was India’s defence minister during the war wrote that China violated the Panchsheel as “the territorial limits of India were clearly and distinctly laid down in the Indian Constitution of 1950.” 

Ambassador Fabian argued that “India’s trade with China should not be romanticised.” India exports iron ore and imports finished products. The two-way trade amounts to $74 billion with a $24 billion deficit for India. “It is a wrong view that the more trade between India and China the better would be the political relations between the two. Let us not forget that France and Germany had a high level of trade in 1914, yet they had gone to war.”

Ambassador  Fabian said that it would be in India’s interest that the “US has a large military presence in East Asia(being shifted from West Asia) so that China is kept in check and prevented from causing trouble at the border.” He said that “it is important to learn from the past. Of course, it is preferable to learn from other people’s mistakes rather than from one’s own. Yet, at times, we refuse to learn from our own mistakes.”

Referring to secrecy in diplomacy and war, he said that “we now have access to Chinese archives even as we lack access to our own. The Henderson-Bhaghat Report on why India was unprepared and unequipped to deal with the aggression is yet to be published though there is no good reason to keep it secret.” Ambassador Fabian pointed out that those who assert that “the war broke out because Nehru publicly told the Indian army to throw the Chinese out are wrong.” He said that “much before the war, Mao asked his generals about the competence of General B M Kaul. They said that his record was ordinary. ‘He will get a chance to shine,”he quoted Mao.

Prof. K.M.Seethi Dean of Social Sciences and Coordinator K.P. S. Menon Chair welcomed and Mr. M.V.Bijulal proposed vote of thanks. Ambassador Fabian will be offering Special Lectures in the University till March 2013.